PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is a postgraduate degree awarded by universities that usually lasts from three up to five years. Graduates with a Doctorate of philosophy 's degree are automatically awarded the academic title of doctor. PHD programs can focus on philosophy but also theology, law, medicine and liberal arts as well. Boys and girls interested in a career as teacher or lecturer tipically decide to start these paths since professors are increasingly being required to have a PhD.
Research and development is the area dedicated to the master programs and postgraduate courses for boys and girls just out of the bachelor's or master's degree, but also young men and women graduates and experienced professional who want to acquire specific knowledge in the field of scientific research of interest. These are programs of specialization for future researchers, laboratory analysts, biologists, fans of the disciplines related to nature, science or chemistry but also numbers and statistics. Development of new products, applications or materials, scientific research and technology are some of the career opportunities of post master.