PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is a postgraduate degree awarded by universities that usually lasts from three up to five years. Graduates with a Doctorate of philosophy 's degree are automatically awarded the academic title of doctor. PHD programs can focus on philosophy but also theology, law, medicine and liberal arts as well. Boys and girls interested in a career as teacher or lecturer tipically decide to start these paths since professors are increasingly being required to have a PhD.
Master programs and courses in public administration are aimed at graduates with bachelor's or master's degree interested in a career in public management, on policies for the development of the territories, public or international relations, management of hospitals or healthcare institutions. They are specialization paths for boys and girls who will become future officers, managers and executives of public administration, experts of public affairs, social policies. Students in these programs of improvement are also men and women who are already working in pa but aspire to positions of responsibility in public institutions, foundations, associations.